• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for thermal management (1) of an electric motor assembly (2) of a motor vehicle, the thermal management device (1) comprising cooling means (6, 7) of the electric motor ( 3), the cooling means (6) comprise an oil circuit (6), said mechanical reduction gear (4) being arranged downstream of the electric motor (3) in the oil circuit (6), and the oil of the oil circuit (6) is cooled by thermal conduction in the mechanical gearbox (4).
    公开号:FR3030383A1
    申请号:FR1462917
    申请日:2014-12-19
    公开日:2016-06-24
    发明作者:Karim Mikati；Thanh Nguyen；Fabrice Meunier
    申请人:Renault SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a thermal management device for an electric motorization assembly of a motor vehicle. In the field of electric motor vehicles, the thermal management of the various elements making up the motorization assembly of the vehicle is relatively important. Indeed, the electric motor of the motor vehicle heats relatively fast during operation of the vehicle, and lack of sufficient cooling, its power must be limited to prevent damage, this process being known as the Anglo -axon of derating. On the other hand, in the mechanical gearbox coupled to the rotor shaft of the electric motor, the gear lubrication oil may be too cold and therefore too viscous, especially at low temperatures, which reduces the efficiency of the gearbox. mechanical gearbox. In addition, the power electronics components, for example the DC / AC converters, associated with the electric motor are also subject to significant temperature increases that should be controlled. US20120153718 discloses a cooling circuit of an electric motor by a water circulation circuit. In this document, the water is fed into a circuit passing through a hollow shaft of the rotor and around the stator. However, such a circuit is very sensitive to insulation problems, since the water must not come into contact with the elements of the electric motor. In addition, such a device is only intended to solve the problem of cooling the electric motor taken in isolation. There is therefore a need for a thermal management device of an electric motor assembly of a motor vehicle, not having the disadvantages of the prior art. There is provided a thermal management device for an electric motorization assembly of a motor vehicle, said electric motor assembly comprising an electric motor and a mechanical gearbox coupled to the motor, the thermal management device comprising cooling means of the motor. electric motor. The cooling means comprise a closed oil circuit adapted to circulate the oil through the electric motor and the mechanical gearbox, said mechanical gearbox being disposed downstream of the electric motor in the oil circuit, so that the oil from the oil circuit entering the mechanical gearbox is preheated by the electric motor, and the oil from the oil circuit is cooled by thermal conduction in the mechanical gearbox, so that the oil from the oil circuit in upstream of the electric motor, is able to cool the electric motor. Thus it is relatively effective to associate the cooling of the electric motor with the heating of the oil entering the mechanical gear, which fluidizes the oil and improves the efficiency of the mechanical gear.
    [0002] In this way we optimize the thermal management of the motor assembly. In particular, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the motorization of the motor vehicle, and to save the energy necessary for this motorization. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the thermal management device 20 comprises a temperature sensor capable of supplying a temperature value of the oil of the oil circuit at the output of the electric motor. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the temperature sensor is able to control a member for regulating the speed of the oil in the oil circuit as a function of the temperature of the oil at the outlet of the electric motor. Thus, it is easy to adapt the circulation of the oil in the oil circuit according to the cooling needs of the engine. In particular, the circulation of oil in the oil circuit can be accelerated if the engine requires faster cooling. In this way, it is possible to avoid or delay the use of the derating, and to improve the efficiency of the electric motor. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the oil circuit comprises a bypass circuit comprising a heat exchanger, for example an air-oil exchanger, a water-oil exchanger, or any other type of suitable exchanger, the branch circuit being adapted to short-circuit the mechanical gearbox, said temperature sensor being adapted to control the circulation of at least a portion of the oil in the bypass circuit when the oil temperature at the output of the electric motor reaches a critical value predefined to cool the oil through the heat exchanger. Thus the oil can be cooled relatively quickly if the temperature becomes excessive, by using a heat exchanger. In this way, in critical operating conditions, it is possible to promote and accelerate the cooling of the engine, in order to ensure the proper functioning of the motor vehicle. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the predefined critical value corresponds to a temperature of between 90 ° C. and 120 ° C.
    [0003] Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the electric motor assembly comprises at least one power electronics block, for example a DC / AC converter, an IGBT transistor or any other type of power electronics block, the block of power electronics being arranged downstream of the electric motor in the oil circuit so as to be cooled by the oil of the oil circuit. Thus, one can also cool power electronics blocks whose supported temperatures can be much higher than that of the electric motor. Also, the oil leaving the engine can reduce the temperature of the power electronics.
    [0004] In this way the temperature can be managed by a single circuit of oil of the electric motor and power electronics blocks, while optimizing the efficiency of the mechanical gearbox. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the thermal management device comprises an oil filter, disposed downstream of the mechanical gearbox.
    [0005] Since the mechanical gearbox, in particular the gears of the mechanical gearbox, can produce metal chips carried in the oil circuit, it is necessary to filter the oil downstream of the mechanical gearbox so as not to risk introducing magnetic parts into the pump and / or in the electric motor. Thus, the robustness of the thermal management device is improved. Advantageously and in a nonlimiting manner, the rotor shaft of the electric motor comprises a hollow portion, the oil circuit extending in the hollow portion of the rotor shaft, and said hollow shaft comprising at least one opening adapted to projecting at least a portion of the oil from the oil circuit into the electric motor, so as to cool the stator and the rotor, the oil projected into the electric motor being collected by a collector and reintroduced into the oil circuit downstream of the electric motor.
    [0006] Thus, the rotor and the stator of the electric motor can be relatively efficiently cooled with a single oil circuit. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a thermal management device of an electric motor assembly as described above.
    [0007] Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given by way of indication but not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic view of a thermal management device according to a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thermal management device according to a second embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a thermal management device according to a third embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a thermal management device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electric motor cooled by a thermal management device according to one of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4; and FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a motor vehicle comprising a thermal management device according to one of the embodiments of the invention.
    [0008] With reference to FIG. 1, according to a first embodiment, a thermal management device 1 of an electric motor assembly 2 of a motor vehicle comprises cooling means 6,7 of an electric motor 3, here a oil circuit 6 and a pump 7 to circulate the oil in the oil circuit 6, for example a mechanical pump, an electric pump or any other type of suitable pump. In the oil circuit 6, a quantity of oil is displaced by the pump 7 so as to control the temperature of the electric motor assembly 2.
    [0009] The electric motor assembly 2 comprises an electric motor 3 and a mechanical gearbox 4. The oil circuit 6 is a closed circuit, or looped, which passes through the electric motor 3 and the mechanical gearbox 4. The pump 7 is considered as the reference reference point to identify the various elements, for example the motor 3 and the gear 4, crossed by the oil circuit 6. In other words, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" in the circuit of oil 6 will be considered with respect to the pump 7 taken as reference point, and depending on the direction of circulation of the oil in the oil circuit 6, indicated by arrows in Figures 1 to 5. In the first, second, third and fourth embodiments, the various elements of the electric motor assembly 2 crossed by the oil circuit 6 are arranged in series in the oil circuit 6. The electric motor 3 is here upstream of the reducte ur 4 in the oil circuit 6, relative to the pump 7. In other words, for a given amount of oil that leaves the pump 7, this amount of oil will first pass through the electric motor 3 and then the gearbox 4. The oil circuit 6 also comprises an oil tank, not shown, and a hatch, not shown, to fill the tank so as to ensure that a sufficient amount of oil is present in the fuel system. 6. The oil circuit 6 comprises an amount of about 2 liters to 5 liters of oil circulating in the oil circuit 6.
    [0010] The speed of displacement of the oil in the oil circuit 6 is defined as a function of the characteristic of the pump 7 and as a function of the power of the electric motor 3. Here, a temperature sensor 8 is installed downstream of the engine 3 and upstream of the mechanical gear 4 in the oil circuit 3, so as to adjust the speed of the oil in the oil circuit 6 according to the temperature of the oil output of the electric motor 3 Thus, the higher the temperature of the output oil 39 of the electric motor 3, the higher the speed of the oil in the oil circuit 6.
    [0011] The oil can move in the oil circuit 6, for example, at a speed between 2m / sec and 20m / sec. In the oil circuit 6, when a quantity of oil passes through the pump 7, it is then moved towards the electric motor 3. With reference to FIG. 5, the electric motor 3 comprises a stator 30 and a rotor 31. The rotor 31 is rotated by a magnetic field produced by the windings 35 of the stator 30. The rotor 31 in turn drives a shaft 32 which is coupled to the mechanical gearbox 4. The shaft 32 of the rotor 31 is hollow on a part 32a of its length and full on another part 32b. At its hollow end 32c, the oil circuit 6 conveys the oil so as to penetrate the oil in the hollow portion 32a of the shaft 32. The oil thus injected into the hollow portion 32c of the shaft 32 under the pressure exerted by the pump 7 is then propelled through openings 33 formed in the shaft 32, so that the oil comes into contact with the active parts of the electric motor 3, in particular the walls of the stator 30 and the 31. The projected oil 36 then flows into a manifold 34 disposed in the lower part of the casing 37 of the electric motor 3, so that it is then reintroduced into the oil circuit 6, under the effect of the pump 7.
    [0012] Alternatively, an auxiliary pump, not shown, can drain the oil from the manifold 34 so as to reintroduce it into the oil circuit 6. The oil leaving the electric motor 3, is also referred to as oil downstream of the electric motor 3 in the oil circuit 6, is heated by the heat exchange related to the contact with the active parts of the motor 3, namely the stator 30 and the rotor 31. In other words, the oil circuit 6 is intended to cool the active parts 30, 31 of the engine, the oil of the oil circuit 6 stores the heat for transport outside the engine 3. The oil is then transported in the mechanical gearbox 4. The oil circuit 6 s' extends in an internal portion 41 to the mechanical gearbox 4. The oil is directed through the mechanical gearbox 4 so that, among other things, the gears 42 of the mechanical gearbox 4 are permanently immersed in the oil of the fuel system. 6. The oil having been previously heated by the electric motor 3, it has consequently been made more fluid, which improves the efficiency of the mechanical gearbox 4. The heat previously stored by the oil in the electric motor 3, is partially transferred by thermal conduction of the oil to the inner portion 41 of the mechanical gear 4 in which it flows, which has the direct effect of cooling the oil. Thus, at the outlet 43 of the mechanical gearbox 4, the oil of the oil circuit 6 is cooler than at the inlet 44 of the oil circuit 6 in the mechanical gearbox 4. In other words, the oil downstream of the gearbox 4 is cooler than before the mechanical gear 4 in the oil circuit 6. The oil output of the mechanical gear then passes through a filter 12 for filtering any metal particles, resulting from the friction of the gears 42 The thermal management device 1 makes it possible to optimize the cooling of the electric motor 3 while optimizing the efficiency of the mechanical gearbox 4. In other words, the thermal management device can be carried away by the oil at the output of the mechanical gearbox 4. 1 30 optimizes the thermal management of the motor assembly 2 of the electric vehicle. In a second embodiment, with reference to FIG. 2, the oil circuit 6 comprises a bypass circuit 9.
    [0013] The bypass circuit 9 comprises at each of its ends two valves 9a, 9b, here bidirectional valves 9a, 9b. An inlet valve 9a is disposed downstream of the temperature sensor 8 and upstream of the mechanical gearbox 4.
    [0014] The inlet valve 9a can be controlled to direct the oil leaving the electric motor 3 in the bypass circuit 9. The bypass circuit 9 then directs the oil to an outlet valve 9b disposed downstream of the filter. oil 12, or in other words, upstream of the pump 7. In other words, the bypass circuit 9 constitutes a short-circuit of the mechanical gearbox 4. The bypass circuit 9 comprises a heat exchanger 10, here an oil-air exchanger 10 , adapted to rapidly cool the oil passing through it. Thus, the oil passing through the bypass circuit 9 is cooled by the heat exchanger 10.
    [0015] In this way, when a predefined critical temperature value is reached, for example a temperature value higher than 120 ° C., at the output of the electric motor 3, the valves 9a, 9b are activated so as to short-circuit the mechanical gearbox 4 When the valves 9a, 9b short-circuit the mechanical gearbox 4, the oil present in the short-circuited oil circuit portion stagnates, in particular the oil in the mechanical gearbox 4 stagnates, while the oil is present. in the loop portion comprising, from upstream to downstream, the pump 7, the electric motor 3, the temperature sensor 8, and the bypass circuit 9 is rapidly cooled.
    [0016] Alternatively, only part of the oil of the oil circuit 6 can be short-circuited by the inlet valve 9a when the predefined critical temperature value is reached, for example, between about 60% and 80% of the flow. oil passing in the oil circuit 6 at the inlet valve 9a, the other part continuing to walk in the main loop of the oil circuit 6. Thus, it is possible to cool a relatively fast part of of the circuit oil, and thus ensure effective cooling of the electric motor 3, while continuing to circulate a portion of the oil in the mechanical gear 4, in order to maintain good lubrication.
    [0017] When the temperature of the oil measured by the temperature sensor 8 passes below a lower limit value, for example a temperature below 90 ° C, the valves 9a, 9b are deactivated so as to allow the oil to circulate according to the main loop, as in the first embodiment. In this way it is possible to combine two methods for managing the temperature of the motor assembly, namely a combined thermal management of the electric motor 3 and the mechanical gearbox 4 and active management, implementing a heat exchanger 10 when the first method is no longer efficient enough, for example when the engine is heating up too much. The bypass circuit 9 optionally comprises a small oil tank, and a heater, for example a thermal resistance, adapted to heat the gearbox oil during a cold start of the vehicle.
    [0018] In a third embodiment, with reference to FIG. 3, an oil circulation circuit corresponding to the first embodiment is implemented. The motor assembly 2 further comprises a power electronics module 11, for example a DC / AC converter for supplying the phases of the electric motor 3.
    [0019] The power electronics module 11 is disposed downstream of the temperature sensor 8 and upstream of the mechanical gearbox 4. The oil circuit 6 puts the oil in direct contact with the components of the module 11. The electronics module power 11 being adapted to withstand relatively high temperatures, and in particular higher temperatures than the electric motor 3, the oil output of the electric motor 3 is generally sufficiently cold to properly cool the power electronics module 11. With reference to FIG. 4, a fourth embodiment corresponds to the third embodiment, further comprising a bypass circuit 9. In this embodiment, the inlet valve 9a of the bypass circuit 9 is disposed downstream of the Thus, when a predefined critical temperature value is detected, for example a temperature greater than 120 ° C, a rapid cooling via the heat exchanger 10 is set up, by short-circuiting the mechanical gearbox 4. The temperature sensor 8 being disposed downstream of the electric motor 35 and upstream of the electronics module of power 11, the predefined critical temperature value corresponding to the temperature of the oil reached at the output of the electric motor 3. Thus, relatively efficiently and in a relatively energy-efficient manner, it is possible to manage the thermal problems of a set of 10 electric motor 2 of a motor vehicle 60.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Device for thermal management (1) of an electric motor assembly (2) of a motor vehicle (60), said electric motor assembly (2) comprising an electric motor (3) and a mechanical gear (4) coupled to the engine, the thermal management device (1) comprising cooling means (6, 7) of the electric motor (3), characterized in that the cooling means (6, 7) comprise an oil circuit (6) closed adapted to circulate the oil through the electric motor (3) and the mechanical gear (4), said mechanical gear (4) being arranged downstream of the electric motor (3) in the oil circuit (6), whereby the oil of the oil circuit (6) entering the mechanical gearbox (4) is preheated by the electric motor (3), and the oil of the oil circuit (6) is cooled by thermal conduction in the mechanical gearbox (4), so that the oil of the oil circuit (6) upstream of the engine electrical (3), is able to cool the electric motor (3).
    [0002]
    2. Thermal management device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a temperature sensor (8) capable of supplying a temperature value of the oil of the oil circuit at the outlet of the engine. electric (3).
    [0003]
    3. Thermal management device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said temperature sensor (8) is able to control a regulator (7) of the speed of the oil in the circuit. oil (6) depending on the temperature of the oil output of the electric motor (3).
    [0004]
    Thermal management device (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the oil circuit (6) comprises a bypass circuit (9) comprising a heat exchanger (10), the bypass circuit (9) being adapted to short-circuit the mechanical gear (4), said temperature sensor (8) being adapted to control the circulation of at least a portion of the oil in the branch circuit (9 ) when the oil temperature at the output of the electric motor (3) reaches a predefined critical value so as to cool the oil through the heat exchanger (10).
    [0005]
    5. Thermal management device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the predefined critical value corresponds to a temperature between 90 ° C and 120 ° C.
    [0006]
    6. Thermal management device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric motor assembly (2) comprises at least one power electronics block (11), the block power electronics unit (11) being arranged downstream of the electric motor (3) in the oil circuit (6) so as to be cooled by the oil of the oil circuit (6).
    [0007]
    7. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises an oil filter (12) disposed downstream of the mechanical gear (4) in the oil circuit (6). ).
    [0008]
    8. thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shaft (32) of the rotor (31) of the electric motor (3) comprises a hollow portion (32a), the circuit of oil (6) extending into the hollow portion (32a) of the shaft (32) of the rotor (31), and said hollow portion (32a) comprising at least one opening (33) adapted to project at least a portion oil in the electric circuit (3) to cool the stator (30) and the rotor (31), the oil projected in the electric motor (3) being collected by a manifold (34) and reintroduced into the oil circuit (6) downstream of the electric motor (3).
    [0009]
    9. Motor vehicle (60) comprising a thermal management device (1) of an electric motor assembly (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3030383B1|2017-02-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20040154846A1|2002-11-29|2004-08-12|Nobuhiro Kira|Motor-cooling structure of front-and-rear-wheel-drive vehicle|
    EP1571751A1|2004-03-03|2005-09-07|Hitachi, Ltd.|Vehicle drive device and four-wheel drive with motor|
    US20130118820A1|2010-02-05|2013-05-16|Hitachi, Ltd.|Electric drive system for vehicle|
    FR2966875A1|2010-10-28|2012-05-04|Porsche Ag|SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF A DRIVE ASSEMBLY OF A MOTOR VEHICLE, METHOD AND VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A SYSTEM|
    DE102011076525A1|2011-05-26|2012-11-29|Zf Friedrichshafen Ag|Electrical traction drive for vehicle, has cooling or lubricating circuit provided with cooling body at electric machine, and distribution body for distributing cooling or lubricating medium in housing|
    FR3003516A1|2013-03-19|2014-09-26|Bosch Gmbh Robert|AXLE DEVICE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES|WO2017223232A3|2016-06-23|2018-02-01|Tesla, Inc.|Integrated coolant bottle assembly|
    WO2018206890A1|2017-05-10|2018-11-15|Renault S.A.S|System for the oil cooling of an electrical machine|
    WO2020207770A1|2019-04-11|2020-10-15|Renault S.A.S|Device for cooling and lubricating an electric power train of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle|
    WO2022033536A1|2020-08-12|2022-02-17|Valeo PowertrainCo., Ltd.|An integrated drivetrain assembly for an electrified vehicle and an electrified vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2015-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-06-24| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160624 |
    2016-12-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-12-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-12-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1462917A|FR3030383B1|2014-12-19|2014-12-19|DEVICE FOR THERMALLY MANAGING AN ELECTRIC MOTORIZATION ASSEMBLY OF A MOTOR VEHICLE.|FR1462917A| FR3030383B1|2014-12-19|2014-12-19|DEVICE FOR THERMALLY MANAGING AN ELECTRIC MOTORIZATION ASSEMBLY OF A MOTOR VEHICLE.|
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